題目
Problem
2. Find the counterclockwise circulation for the field F=(x+exsiny)i+(x+excosy)j along the curve C: the right-hand loop of the lemniscate r2=cos2θ.
解答
解法一
思路
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曲線為逆時針的封閉曲線,適合用 Green 定理把環流改寫為右葉所圍的面積;再以極坐標公式計算該面積。
答題過程
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令
P=x+exsiny,Q=x+excosy.
Green 定理給出
\oint_C P\,\mathrm{d}x+Q\,\mathrm{d}y
=&\,\iint_D\left(\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}\right)\,\mathrm{d}A.
而
\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}
=&\,(1+e^x\cos y)-e^x\cos y=1.
右葉對應 −4π≤θ≤4π,故
∮CF⋅dr===∬D1dA21∫−π/4π/4cos(2θ)dθ21.